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Biotechnology (sometimes shortened to "biotech") is a field of applied biology that involves the use of living organisms and
bioprocesses in engineering, technology, medicine and other fields requiring bioproducts. Biotechnology also utilizes these
products for manufacturing purpose. Modern use of similar terms includes genetic engineering as well as cell- and tissue culture
technologies. The concept encompasses a wide range of procedures (and history) for modifying living organisms according to
human purposes — going back to domestication of animals, cultivation of plants, and "improvements" to these through breeding
programs that employ artificial selection and hybridization. By comparison to biotechnology, bioengineering is generally thought
of as a related field with its emphasis more on higher systems approaches (not necessarily altering or using biological materials
directly) for interfacing with and utilizing living things.
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